Before 2020, the bunker was produced through the blending of residual streams as vacuum residue and deasphalted oil with dilutants like heavy gasoil and light cycle oil (LCO), due to the new regulation, the major part of the refiners will not be capable to produce low sulfur bunker through simple blend. The marine fuel oil, known as bunker, is a relatively low viscosity fuel oil applied in diesel cycle engines to ships movement. The main objective is to reduce the SOx emissions from maritime fleet, decreasing significantly the environmental impact of this business. One of the most impacting regulations to the downstream industry in the current and short-term scenario is the necessity to reduce the sulfur content in the maritime fuels, known as IMO 2020, this regulation established which from the maximum sulfur content in the maritime transport fuel oil (Bunker) is 0,5 % (m.m) against the previously 3,5 % (m.m). This fact is positive and welcome, in view of the necessity to preserve the natural resources and the needed technological development to meet these regulations. The necessity to reduce the environmental impact and the higher sustainability of the industrial processes normally is translated in stricter regulations and higher control upon the industries activities, mainly to those that have a high environmental footprint as the crude oil production chain.
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